“The Routes of the Olive Tree” is a cultural, nonprofit, nongovernmental organization based in Kalamata. Its activities began in 1998, with the aim of promoting the culture of the olive through a series of activities and collaborations.
The starting point was ancient Pylos; not a random choice, given that the area abounds with testimonies regarding the presence of the olive in Greece since ancient times. The one responsible for this initiative was the President of the Chamber of Messinia George Karabatos, with the support of many others who share an affinity for the olive and for motorcycles. This initiative of theirs managed to bring the Mediterranean countries together into a single network, where the common denominator was the cultivation of the olive as well as an interest in its diffusion.Since then, the Routes of the Olive Tree have organized many events and have secured a plethora of international distinctions, such that of the “International Cultural Itinerary” by UNESCO in 2003 and the “Great European Cultural Itinerary” by the European Council in 2006.
Source: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr
Ancient Messene is situated in the western foothills of mountain Ithomi, near the village called today Mavromati. A large part of the city has come to light, which reveals its great expanse and also its significance during ancient times. Ancient Messene was built in 369 B.C. by the general Epaminondas from Thebes after the battle at Lefktra, when he defeated the Spartans, invaded Laconia and released the Messenians from the Spartan rule.
The traveller Pausanias visited the city between 155 and 160 B.C. and recorded significant information regarding its form and all public and holy buildings. First of all the stone wall that enclosed it, which was approximately nine kilometres long and protected the city from all directions, apart from the northeast, where Ithomi stood as a natural fort. Apart from part of this wall, the archaeological excavations also brought to light: the Theatre, which mainly hosted political assemblies, the Arsinoe Fountain, a large and impressive construction between the Theatre and the Agora, the western part of the Agora, the sanctuary of Zeus Soter, the sanctuary of Demeter and the Dioscouri, the Asclepium, which seemed to play an important role in the public life of the city, the sanctuary of a hero, probably Aristomenes, the Ecclesiasterion, the Stadium, the Gymnasium, as well as the Arcadian Gate, great in size, which is mentioned many times by the travellers as one of the archaeological site’s most impressive constructions.
To the south west of Peloponnesus, next to the modern-day village of Mavromati, in ancient times lay the city of Messene, one of the most important ancient cities of the region, with a significant historical presence. The city was founded in 369 BC by the Theban general Epameinondas and his allies from Argos, with the purpose of excluding the Spartans from the Messenian region.
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Legend has it that the specific location for the establishment of the new city was selected after the location of the will of Aristomenes, a Messenian hero, was miraculously revealed through the intervention of priests and oracles. According to Pausanias, in order to populate the new city, Messenian immigrants in Italy, Sicily, Evesperides in Libya, as well as various other cities where they had settled, were called back. Most of them replied positively to the invitation to settle the new city, and together with the freed slaves and the perioeci (the free but non-citizens of Sparta), they comprised the first population of Messene. The city got its name from the legendary, pre-Doric queen of the land, who was the daughter of King Triopas of Argos and wife of Polycaon of Laconia. According to Pausanias, Messene was deified circa 10th century BC and was gradually declared one of the main deities of the city.
Systematic excavations started in 1895 by Themistocles Sofoulis and were continued in 1909 and 1925 by Georgios Oikonomou. Anastasios Orlandos later researched the area until 1974, while from 1986 the excavations are directed by Petros Themelis. Throughout these years, many public and sacred buildings were brought to light, as seen and described by Pausanias, who visited the city in years 155-160 AD, during the reign of Emperor Antoninus Pius.
Ancient Messene was surrounded by a nine and a half kilometre wall, its largest part still standing to this day. It had two gates, the Arcadian Gate (or Gate of Megalopolis) and the Laconian Gate. This last gate was destroyed in the 18th century, but the Arcadian Gate is still preserved in fairly good condition, and in fact was the city’s landmark for the first travellers, who liked to depict it in their engravings. It is an enormous and imposing circular gate, with two entrances, one interior and one exterior.More discoveries were made in ancient Messene, such as the theatre, the agora, the temples of Demeter, the Dioskouroi, Zeus Sotiros, as well as of Isis and Serapis; the temple of a hero, the imposing Spring of Arsinoe, a large Doric temple, the Asclepeion, which was the most magnificent public building; the ecclesiasterion, which is a type of small theatre, the stadium, the gymnasium, and from later times a basilica of the early Byzantine era.
The city’s layout followed the hippodamian system, where all buildings have the same orientation and space is divided along horizontal and vertical axes. Hippodamus of Miletus was the father of this system. He was an architect, mathematician, urban planner and astronomer who lived circa 5th century BC, and he based his system on the three principles of democracy: isonomy (equality before the law), isopolity (equal civic rights) and isomoiria (equal share in land ownership).
The city fell victim to a raid by the Goths in 395 BC, led by Alarichus, and after that it gradually became deserted. It is however still one of the best preserved cities of the ancient world and one of the most interesting archaeological destinations.
Source: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr
The gorge of Lepida is one of the numerous, impressive natural formations of Mount Parnon, which stands between the prefectures of Arcadia and Laconia. Its length is 500 metres and it is relatively flat. Two hours are required to cross it, during which visitors will have the opportunity to enjoy the unique natural beauty of the landscape, which is filled with rich flora and fauna and boasts two gorgeous waterfalls (ideal for rappel), of 45 and 70 metres respectively, which complement the impressive scenery.
Access to the gorge is possible via the villages of Kato Doliana and Kastritohoria. Crossing is safer during the summer when the level of the waters is low, and this can also be combined with visits to notable attractions, such as Tiryntha, Akronafplia and Mycenae. There are also several lovely beaches close by.
Source: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr
A great way to discover a new place is actually on two wheels. Arcadia, with its stunning nature, does offer visitors this unique opportunity. The changes in the landscape, the lush vegetation, the dense forests and the hidden traditional settlements are only few of the natural attractions a visitor can enjoy with just a bike and the desire for exploration. Around the city of Tripolis, as well as in the Arcadian villages, there are many beautiful trails, which are ideal for relaxing bike rides. However, for the adventurous types, we recommend some more difficult routes, which can also be guided:*
Rizes in Tegea – Prophet Elias
The route begins from the main square of Rizes, in the region of Tegea, and terminates in the chapel of Prophet Elias, which dominates the homonymous hill, about 10 kilometers away. The trip takes about 1 hour and 10 minutes and it’s quite challenging. However the stunning scenery will certainly bedazzle you, since the entire trail goes through the pine forest.
Tripolis – Kastri – Agios Petros – Coastal Astros
A demanding 4 hour and 78 kilometres long trail that passes through the most beautiful villages of Kynouria.
Mount Mainalo Α1 DH Trail
A demanding and adventurous trail that starts from the lodge of the Greek Mountaineering Club in Mainalo and terminates in the northeastern part of the mountain. It lasts for approximately 1 hour and 15 minutes, with few intermediate necessary stops. Within the first 500 meters of the trail you will probably need to carry your bicycle, since the soil might occasionally be unstable. The next part, which is about 3,5 kilometers long, is also difficult, while the trail becomes easier in its last section, since it’s straight and you will be able to accelerate.
Mount Mainalo Α2 DH Trail
This is yet another trail for advanced bikers, about 8.6 kilometres long, with a duration of approximately one hour. It starts from the back side of the ski slopes of Mainalo and terminates in Levidi, passing through the Kapeli Plateau. The trail is fully marked and includes ramps, mounds and jumps.
Mount Mainalo Α4 DH Trail
A short trail, about 4 kilometers long, which starts from the Rouchoi Plateau and heads towards Vytina. It lasts for about 30 minutes and passes through the fir forest. It’s quite demanding, however, and it’s not recommended for beginners!
Mount Mainalo A2 Rouchoi Tour
A trail of medium difficulty, about 16.5 kilometers long, with a duration of approximately 2 hours. The starting point is the trail A2, then goes through the Kapeli Plateau, descends towards Vytina and heads towards the Rouchoi Plateau, where you will arrive after a hard ascent. From there you will follow a downhill trail, which will lead you to the lodge of Mainalo.
* Information taken from Arcadia M.T.B. Club
Source: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr
Fourteen kilometres from Pylos, on the hill of Epano Eglianos, in the previous century came to light the palace of Nestor, the famous king of Pylos. It is the best-preserved Mycenaean palace in the whole of Greece.
The palace complex comprises four structures, which include a series of apartments. Impressive is the fact that the interior was adorned by colour murals, and also the fact that the palace was never enclosed within a protective wall, since its location was enough to grant it ample protection. The palace seems to have been completely destroyed by a fire during the 12th century B.C., which, however, managed to preserve a plethora of clay tablets that contain significant information regarding the financial, social and religious life during Mycenaean times.Those who visit the area can also see the tholos tomb attributed to Nestor and his successor, Thrasymedes, which was discovered near the palace, as well as all the archaeological findings from the excavations, exhibited in the Museum of Chora.
The Mycenaean civilization flourished during the period between 1700—1001 BC in various parts of the Helladic region. Its archaeological traces were first discovered in the region of Mycenae, from where it takes its name. Amongst the most important findings this magnificent civilization has bequeathed to us are the tholos tombs and the grandiose palaces.
The palace of the mythical king of Pylos, Nestor, belongs to this category of Mycenaean palaces – in fact it is the best preserved of all those discovered in Greece. It is situated four kilometres south of the village of Chora, on the hill of Epano Englianos, and 14 kilometres from Pylos. The palace was built in the 13th century BC by King Nestor, son of Neleus, who is mentioned several times by Homer and holds an important role in his epic poems. Nestor led Pylos to the Trojan War with 90 ships and is described by Homer as a wise elder, his opinion always respected by the Achaeans.
Heinrich Schliemann was the first to start looking for this mythical palace in 1888, having certain suspicions regarding its location, but he was not successful. It was not until 1939, after intensive excavations, when Konstantinos Kourouniotis, together with Carl Bergen, brought to light the first findings from the palace. World War II put a halt to excavations for some time, which were started again in 1952. Even though the largest part of the palace has been uncovered, research continues until the present day with the participation of the University of Cincinnati, USA.
This complex of palaces consists of four main buildings, which, in turn, have a large number of rooms – 105 according to calculations. The most important room is, of course, the so-called “throne room”, with its central round hearth. Additionally, the ruins of a central two-storey building and two auxiliary spaces were uncovered, while tholos tombs were excavated in the area surrounding the palace, one of them attributed to Nestor and his successor, Thrasymedes.
The numerous findings brought to light by the excavations include approximately 1,250 clay tablets written in Linear B. The tablets were deciphered in 1952 by Michael Ventris, an architect, and John Chadwick, a linguist. It is thanks to them that we are now in a position of knowing important information about the daily life, as well as the financial and commercial activities of prehistoric Pylos in general, and about the palace in particular. The remarkable thing about these tablets is the fact that they would not have been preserved to this day if not for a fire that levelled the palace in the 12th century. The palace itself never recovered from this disaster, but the fire had the effect of “baking” the clay tablets, making them more durable.
The numerous archaeological findings from the site of the Palace of Nestor are today kept at the Archaeological Museum of Chora.
Source: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr
The Mainalo ski center is situated in the location Ostrakina of the homonymous mountain, approximately 30 kilometres from Tripolis and 162 kilometres from Athens. The roads and consequently the access to the ski centre are easy, making it a very popular destination. It isn’t one of the biggest ski centres; however, it is ideal for families with children, since the mountain is not steep and is perfect for excursions and tours.This ski centre has been operating since 1965, offering a plethora of activities, from winter sports and games in the snow to perfect relaxation in the main chalet, which has a stunning view to the impressive mountain.
Mount Mainalo dominates the centre of Peloponnesus and belongs to the prefecture of Arcadia. The ski resort is located on the plateau of Ostrakina, at an altitude of 1,580 metres. There is direct access to it via the Athens-Tripoli and Tripoli-Pylos national roads, while its close proximity to Tripoli (30 kilometres) and Athens (165 kilometres), makes it a popular destination for anyone who loves winter sports, and excursions to mountainous destinations in general. The ski resort of Mainalo is the second oldest in the country, after Selio in northern Greece. It belongs to the Greek Alpine Club of Tripoli, and it started its official operation in 1968, while activities had unofficially started four years earlier. The first ski lift was installed in 1965, and two years later, a more modern lift was installed, which served the resort for more than 35 years. For ten years, from 1968 to 1978, the ski resort of Mainalo was the home of the championship of Southern Greece, considered ideal both from the aspect of organization and snow-fall conditions.
Since early 2011, significant efforts have been launched to reorganize and restructure the resort, with the valuable contribution of the Municipality of Tripoli. Its purpose has been to highlight the resort as an attractive destination and to make it a centre of attraction not only to accomplished athletes, but also to families who can enjoy here the unique natural landscape of Mainalo in its snowy majesty. It is also significant that the choice was made to keep ski passes at a low price, to make it accessible to all (at 10 euros for the lift card, a fixed price even for weekends and holidays). The results of these efforts were impressive: within one year, arrivals at the ski resort exceeded 80,000 visitors.
Mainalo Ski Resort is open daily from 9 am to 4 pm. It has seven pistes catering to all levels, served by three lifts – one a baby lift – with a capacity of 1,500 people per hour. The resort’s facilities include two stores for ski gear rental, an organized chalet and a clinic with a doctor present daily. There are also ski instructors for the less experienced. For those more experienced, off-trail routes are organized, always with the guidance of experienced guides. The activities around the resort are, of course, not limited to the months when the snow falls. During the warmer period other activities are organized here, such as mountain biking, paragliding, hiking, and so on, with the purpose of fully taking advantage of the beautiful natural landscape of Mainalo throughout the year.
Source: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr
The Monastery of Eloni is a pretty old convent in the prefecture of Arcadia, built in the steep slope of Mount Parnon, at an altitude of 650 metres and about 17 kilometres from the town of Leonidio. Due to its exceptional natural beauty, the area around the monastery has been declared as a protected zone and it’s included in the European Network Natura 2000 under the code GR2520005. It has a long gorge on the east side of the mountain -the gorge of Dafnon-, which starts from the village of Kosmas, passes through the Monastery of Eloni and ends up near Leonidio. The Monastery of Eloni is built onto a steep rock and it looks that it’s literally hanging on the cliffs above the gorge. The view is just spectacular. The gorge is known for its rich flora, which includes some rare species, like the Potentilla arcadiensis, as well four endemic species that can only be found here, hence the need for their protection.
Source: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr
Lousios and Alfeios
These two rivers, Alfeios and its tributary Lousios, flow along a continuously changing landscape in a breathtaking scenery of stunning natural beauty. The activities organized by various associations and clubs aim to bring visitors into close contact with the unique beauty of this region, also combining sports and recreation. Rafting is a very pleasant way to explore the region, regardless of your familiarity with the sport, since there are routes for every level; from beginners to highly experienced rafters.
The routes normally take approximately three to four hours and pass through gorges and natural tunnels, formed by trees, creating a stunning backdrop. The lush vegetation, the various and impressive species of birds, like falcons and herons, the stone arched bridges, the waterfalls that flow into the river, as well as the unique natural sculptures the water has carved into the rocks, all contribute to the amazing experience you will have in Arcadia. It is certainly something you don’t want to miss.
Ano Lousios
Ano Lousios also offers one of the most difficult, yet extremely interesting rafting routes in Greece. It’s suitable only for very experienced rafters or for those who are trained to become rafting guides. When the river is swollen, rafters need to be particularly cautious, since the waters become impetuous.
Erymanthos
Erymanthos is another tributary of Alfeios, as well as a natural boundary between the prefectures of Ilia and Arcadia, and is yet another river suitable for relatively difficult descents. Previous experience is recommended, as well as a pretty good physical stamina. The descent lasts for approximately five to seven hours and there are two recommended starting points: the first from Tripotama and to Vidiaki -after 15 kilometers- and the second from Vidiaki to Elaia -after 8 kilometers.
Other activities
In addition to rafting, the rivers are also ideal for various other activities. Adventurous types can indulge in hydrospeed and enjoy a unique experience with just a pair of fins and a board. You can also go for monoraft, where you cross the river with a one-seater raft, which is something equally exciting. You can also go for rappel and cross the gorges with special ropes, which will help you descend to the vertical waterfalls.
The less adventurous will enjoy unique routes, exploring the shores of the rivers, as well as the surrounding areas with the lush vegetation and scenic settlements. Whatever you decide to do, you can obtain information, guidance and the necessary equipment from any relevant association, club or company in the region.
The routes are suitable for every level of experience. You can address one of the numerous associations or clubs that will recommend the right one for you, based on your physical stamina and experience. They will also provide you with the proper equipment, as well as guidance for your safe descent.
Source: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr
Every October the village of Kastanitsa, Arcadia, organizes the famous Chestnut Festival, which aims to bring out this product, with its great nutritional value and multiple commercial capabilities.The custom of celebrating the chestnut began in 1983 and has been taking place every year since then. The celebrations include, of course, the preparation and tasting of dishes based on the chestnut, and also traditional dancing, various exhibitions and informative talks regarding the chestnut, as well as a variety of topics of environmental nature. Those who are in the area in October must definitely make a stopover in Kastanitsa to experience the unique Chestnut Festival.
The Naturalist Association of the Natives of Kastanitsa, in collaboration with the Management Body of Mount Parnon and Moustos Wetland, organize the famous Chestnut Festival, with the aim to highlight the importance of this beloved crop in the agricultural and financial development of the wider area and also to promote this beautiful Tsakonian village, inviting more people to visit it.
The Chestnut Festival was organized for the first time in 1983 by the Kastanitsa Association and has been taking place every year since then. The visitors have the opportunity to taste traditional, mainly chestnut-based dishes and desserts – prepared both by professional chefs and the village’s women – accompanied by drinks and traditional music. There are also cooking and confectionery contests, again based on the chestnut, and also traditional dancing and various exhibitions, such as painting and photography.
The Festival is also a great opportunity for the visitors to get to know mount Parnon and its ecosystem better, through informative talks and excursions; they will also get to know the wider area of Tsakonia, with its special customs. It has been estimated that during the Chestnut Festival thousands of visitors flock to the area, providing a significant financial boost.
Source: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr
Ladon is a Peloponnesian river and a tributary of Alfeios. It got its name from the homonymous river in Viotia, when the locals settled in the area around 1307 BC. Ladon is surrounded by a beautiful natural landscape, something confirmed by Pausanias.
It is a calm river, which makes it ideal for many activities, like canoe-kayak, rafting and swimming, even for small children. The lovely scenery is also ideal for hiking and trekking.
One of the most significant attractions of the area is the river’s hydroelectric dam, which was constructed in 1954 in the location Pidima, at an altitude of 420 metres. This dam created an artificial lake, whose wider area has been declared an ecological park due to its unique natural environment and the rare flora and fauna. In the area around the lake you will also have the opportunity to see the so-called “Kyras to Gefyri” (the Bridge of the Lady), which was built during the Middle Ages and is only visible during the summer months, when the waters of the dam withdraw.
River Ladon originates in the Aroania Mountains, crosses the prefecture of Achaia and flows into Alfeios, in the prefecture of Arcadia. Alfeios then flows into the Kyparissian Gulf. The largest section of the river flows between the mountains of Mainalo and Afrodisio and, as with most of the Greek rivers, it makes its appearance in the Greek Mythology.
According to the Myths, Artemis was hunting on the banks of Ladon, Dimitra was swimming in its waters and Pan was wandering around, living his endless adventures. On one occasion, Pan saw and fell in love with the nymph Syrigga (Syringe) and started chasing her. Ladon, wanting to protect her, turned her into a reed. Pan cut those reeds down and created his musical instrument, the Syrinx. Ladon was also associated with the murder of Lefkippos, the son of Pisa and Oinomaos. Lefkippos fell in love with the nymph Daphne, daughter of Gaia and Ladon, or, according to another version, of Pineios from Thessaly. Daphne, however, was courted by the God Apollo. With a powerful desire to be near her, Lefkippos disguised as a woman and joined her friends. Apollo got so jealous of his presence that he inspired the nymphs to bathe, something that would force the young man to get naked as well. So, his true gender was revealed, something that enraged the nymphs, who ultimately killed him.
Back in nowadays, Ladon is a very quiet river, surrounded by an incredibly beautiful nature, and offers the opportunity for many activities, like rafting, canoe-kayak, swimming, fishing, hiking and mountain biking around its banks. One of the most important attractions of Ladon is its dam, which is a 104 metres long, 55 metres high, built in the location Pidima at an altitude of 420 metres. The construction of the dam started in 1950, as part of the creation of a hydroelectric power station for PPC. The project was completed 5 years later and became one of the first major power stations in Greece, while the dam was collecting about 50,000,000 cubic metres of water. An Italian company undertook its completion and the cost was covered by the reparations from World War II. The dam led to the creation of an artificial lake in a ravine of Mount Afrodisio, with a total area of 6,000 square metres, set amongst spectacular scenery. This lake was turned into an eco-park and is ideal for many activities, like boating, swimming and fishing, as well as hiking around its shores. An interesting attraction is the “Kyras to Gefyri” (the Lady’s Bridge), which was constructed in the 13th century AD and is only visible during the summer months, when the level of the waters goes down.
Πηγή: www.mythicalpeloponnese.gr